diff --git a/src/web/app.js b/src/web/app.js
index f77268f..76634cd 100644
--- a/src/web/app.js
+++ b/src/web/app.js
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ const trainingError = document.getElementById('trainingError');
 const trainingImportText = document.getElementById('trainingImportText');
 const trainingImportBtn = document.getElementById('trainingImportBtn');
 const trainingExportBtn = document.getElementById('trainingExportBtn');
+const trainingReloadBtn = document.getElementById('trainingReloadBtn');
 const trainingAttemptStatus = document.getElementById('trainingAttemptStatus');
 const trainingAnnotationText = document.getElementById('trainingAnnotationText');
 const trainingSaveAnnotationBtn = document.getElementById('trainingSaveAnnotationBtn');
@@ -425,6 +426,9 @@ function setTrainingError(error) {
 }
 
 function markTrainingLoading() {
+  if (trainingReloadBtn) {
+    trainingReloadBtn.disabled = true;
+  }
   if (trainingCasesList) {
     trainingCasesList.setAttribute('aria-busy', 'true');
     setText(trainingCasesList, 'Loading case list. Next step: review available cases or import a case package.');
@@ -433,9 +437,13 @@ function markTrainingLoading() {
     trainingProgress.setAttribute('aria-busy', 'true');
     setText(trainingProgress, 'Loading progress. Next step: submit an attempt to update progress.');
   }
+  setTrainingAttemptStatus('Training data loading. Next step: wait for cases and progress, then choose a case or import a package.');
 }
 
 function markTrainingLoaded() {
+  if (trainingReloadBtn) {
+    trainingReloadBtn.disabled = false;
+  }
   if (trainingCasesList) trainingCasesList.setAttribute('aria-busy', 'false');
   if (trainingProgress) trainingProgress.setAttribute('aria-busy', 'false');
 }
@@ -638,6 +646,29 @@ function renderTrainingProgress(items) {
   });
 }
 
+function renderTrainingLoadFailure(error) {
+  if (trainingCasesList) {
+    clearNode(trainingCasesList);
+    const empty = document.createElement('div');
+    empty.className = 'metric training-empty training-state-error';
+    empty.setAttribute('role', 'listitem');
+    setText(empty, 'Case list unavailable. Next step: reload training data or import a case package.');
+    trainingCasesList.appendChild(empty);
+  }
+  if (trainingProgress) {
+    clearNode(trainingProgress);
+    const empty = document.createElement('div');
+    empty.className = 'metric training-empty training-state-error';
+    empty.setAttribute('role', 'listitem');
+    setText(empty, 'Progress unavailable. Next step: reload training data, then submit an attempt to update progress.');
+    trainingProgress.appendChild(empty);
+  }
+  renderTrainingCaseDetail(null);
+  setSelectedTrainingCase(null);
+  setTrainingAttemptControls(false);
+  setTrainingAttemptStatus('Training data request failed. Next step: reload training data or import a case package.');
+}
+
 async function loadTrainingDashboard() {
   if (!trainingCasesList || !trainingProgress) return;
 
@@ -651,7 +682,9 @@ async function loadTrainingDashboard() {
 
     renderTrainingCases(cases.items || []);
     renderTrainingProgress(progress.items || []);
+    setTrainingAttemptStatus('Training data loaded. Next step: choose View detail or Start attempt, or import a case package if the list is empty.');
   } catch (error) {
+    renderTrainingLoadFailure(error);
     setTrainingError(error);
   } finally {
     markTrainingLoaded();
@@ -889,6 +922,9 @@ if (trainingImportBtn) {
 if (trainingExportBtn) {
   trainingExportBtn.addEventListener('click', exportTrainingCases);
 }
+if (trainingReloadBtn) {
+  trainingReloadBtn.addEventListener('click', loadTrainingDashboard);
+}
 configureAutoRefresh();
 loadTrainingDashboard();
 refreshDashboard();
diff --git a/src/web/index.html b/src/web/index.html
index 55ee831..3031738 100644
--- a/src/web/index.html
+++ b/src/web/index.html
@@ -70,7 +70,8 @@
             <li><span>Progress</span> Review attempt progress after submission.</li>
           </ol>
         </div>
-        <div id="trainingError" class="training-error" role="alert" aria-live="assertive" hidden></div>
+        <p id="trainingErrorHelp" class="training-help training-next-step">If a public training request fails, use Reload training data or Import cases, then choose a case.</p>
+        <div id="trainingError" class="training-error" role="alert" aria-live="assertive" aria-describedby="trainingErrorHelp" hidden></div>
         <div id="trainingTransferPanel" class="training-transfer" role="region" aria-labelledby="trainingTransferHeading" aria-describedby="trainingWorkflowHelp trainingImportHelp">
           <h3 id="trainingTransferHeading">Import / Export</h3>
           <p id="trainingImportHelp" class="training-help training-next-step">Paste a case package JSON from a trusted export. Next step: import or export cases before choosing a case.</p>
@@ -81,6 +82,7 @@
             </div>
             <button id="trainingImportBtn" type="button">Import cases</button>
             <button id="trainingExportBtn" type="button">Export cases</button>
+            <button id="trainingReloadBtn" type="button" aria-controls="trainingCasesList trainingProgress trainingAttemptStatus" aria-describedby="trainingWorkflowHelp trainingErrorHelp">Reload training data</button>
           </div>
         </div>
         <div class="training-grid">
diff --git a/src/web/styles.css b/src/web/styles.css
index 88e0ae5..b3c1d1f 100644
--- a/src/web/styles.css
+++ b/src/web/styles.css
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ textarea:focus-visible {
 }
 .training-toolbar {
   display: grid;
-  grid-template-columns: minmax(260px, 1fr) auto auto;
+  grid-template-columns: minmax(260px, 1fr) auto auto auto;
   gap: 10px;
   align-items: end;
 }
@@ -336,12 +336,16 @@ textarea:focus-visible {
   padding: 10px 12px;
 }
 .training-actions button:disabled,
+.training-toolbar button:disabled,
 .training-selected-action button:disabled,
 .training-refresh-progress:disabled,
 .training-case-card button:disabled {
   cursor: not-allowed;
   opacity: 0.55;
 }
+.training-state-error {
+  color: #fecaca;
+}
 .training-refresh-progress {
   margin-bottom: 10px;
 }
diff --git a/tests/unit/test_training_dashboard_m3.py b/tests/unit/test_training_dashboard_m3.py
index f078c24..94da3a5 100644
--- a/tests/unit/test_training_dashboard_m3.py
+++ b/tests/unit/test_training_dashboard_m3.py
@@ -336,6 +336,49 @@ class TrainingDashboardM3Tests(unittest.TestCase):
             with self.subTest(expected=expected):
                 self.assertIn(expected, app_js)
 
+    def test_training_request_failure_states_offer_reload_and_panel_guidance(self) -> None:
+        index_html = _read_web_file("index.html")
+        app_js = _read_web_file("app.js")
+        styles_css = _read_web_file("styles.css")
+        parser = _parse_index_html()
+        attrs_by_id = {attrs["id"]: attrs for _tag, attrs in parser.elements if attrs.get("id")}
+
+        self.assertIn('id="trainingReloadBtn"', index_html)
+        self.assertEqual(parser.buttons_by_id["trainingReloadBtn"].get("type"), "button")
+        self.assertEqual(
+            parser.buttons_by_id["trainingReloadBtn"].get("aria-controls"),
+            "trainingCasesList trainingProgress trainingAttemptStatus",
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            parser.buttons_by_id["trainingReloadBtn"].get("aria-describedby"),
+            "trainingWorkflowHelp trainingErrorHelp",
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(attrs_by_id["trainingError"].get("aria-describedby"), "trainingErrorHelp")
+
+        for expected in (
+            "If a public training request fails, use Reload training data or Import cases, then choose a case.",
+            "Reload training data",
+            "const trainingReloadBtn = document.getElementById('trainingReloadBtn')",
+            "function renderTrainingLoadFailure(error)",
+            "renderTrainingLoadFailure(error)",
+            "Case list unavailable. Next step: reload training data or import a case package.",
+            "Progress unavailable. Next step: reload training data, then submit an attempt to update progress.",
+            "Training data request failed. Next step: reload training data or import a case package.",
+            "Training data loading. Next step: wait for cases and progress, then choose a case or import a package.",
+            "trainingReloadBtn.disabled = true",
+            "trainingReloadBtn.disabled = false",
+            "trainingReloadBtn.addEventListener('click', loadTrainingDashboard)",
+        ):
+            with self.subTest(expected=expected):
+                self.assertIn(expected, index_html + app_js)
+
+        for expected_css in (
+            ".training-toolbar",
+            "grid-template-columns: minmax(260px, 1fr) auto auto auto;",
+        ):
+            with self.subTest(expected_css=expected_css):
+                self.assertIn(expected_css, styles_css)
+
     def test_training_optional_controls_are_guarded(self) -> None:
         app_js = _read_web_file("app.js")